Targeting EGFR self-assembling RNA nanoparticles co-delivering paclitaxel and miRNA21 inhibitors for the treatment of head and neck tumors

Original Research Article

Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) primarily originate from epithelial tissues, with squamous cell carcinoma accounting for over 90% of cases. While surgery remains primary treatment approach, its outcomes are often unsatisfactory, underscoring the urgent need for innovative biological therapies to improve cure rates and survival. In this study, miRNA-mRNA interaction pairs with potential therapeutic were identified by data mining and bioinformatics techniques, considering miRNA expression profiles, regulatory networks, and target mRNA interactions. Human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line Cal27 was used as cell model, while RNA 4WJ nanoparticles were employed as delivery vehicles to transport drug, nucleic acid aptamers, and therapeutic inhibitor for identified miRNA. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the precise delivery and selective inhibition of Cal27 cells, validated by the targeting and anticancer effects of RNA 4WJ nanoparticles. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms of these therapeutic effects were explored. Collectively, this study provides a novel and promising therapeutic approach with significant potential for clinical application in HNSCC management.